A transformação dos sistemas partidários da Europa Ocidental

Resumo Este texto foi o capítulo de um livro, publicado em 1966, que trazia resultados de pesquisas comparadas sobre os partidos políticos, sob a perspectiva do desenvolvimento político, e que foi parte de uma série de publicações intitulada Studies in political development. O tipo partidário catch-all, introduzido aqui por Kirchheimer, ainda é amplamente utilizado nos estudos partidários em todo o mundo, e este texto continua sendo um dos mais citados na Ciência Política até hoje. Embora a maior parte de seus escritos seja na língua alemã e, portanto, inacessível ao grande público, este pequeno trabalho em inglês, mais acessível, portanto, fez de Kirchheimer um dos autores mais conhecidos da área e deste texto uma leitura indispensável aos estudiosos dos partidos e da política em geral. Palavras-chave: Kirchheimer; Otto Kirchheimer; Partido Catch-all; Catch-all; partido político.   Abstract This is the chapter of a book, published in 1966, that presented the results of a comparative research agenda on political parties, from the perspective of political development. It was part of a series called Studies in political development. The concept of catch-all party type, introduced here by Kirchheimer, is still widely used in comparative studies on parties around the world, and this work remains one of the most cited in political science still today. Although most of his writing is in German, and therefore inaccessible to the general public, this little masterpiece written in English, thus more accessible for a large public, made Kirchheimer one of the best-known authors in political science, and this specific analysis an indispensable reading for scholars and anyone interested in politics in general. Key words: Kirchheimer; Otto Kirchheimer; Catch-all Party; Catch-all; political party

Mudança de significado do parlamentarismo

Tradução de Bianca TavolariTranslated by Bianca Tavolar

Aggregation and Representation in the European Parliament Party Groups

While members of the European Parliament are elected in national constituencies, their votes are determined by the aggregation of MEPs in multinational party groups. The uncoordinated aggregation of national party programmes in multinational EP party groups challenges theories of representation based on national parties and parliaments. This article provides a theoretical means of understanding representation by linking the aggregation of dozens of national party programmes in different EP party groups to the aggregation of groups to produce the parliamentary majority needed to enact policies. Drawing on an original data source of national party programmes, the EU Profiler, the article shows that the EP majorities created by aggregating MEP votes in party groups are best explained by cartel theories. These give priority to strengthening the EP’s collective capacity to enact policies rather than voting in accord with the programmes they were nationally elected to represent